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< title > Rust Em 10 Minutos< / title >
< meta name = "description" content = "Por que você deveria aprender Rust" >
< meta name = "author" content = "Julio Biason" >
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< section data-background = "_images/rust-evangelism.jpg" data-header >
< h2 class = "semi-opaque" > Rust Em 10 Minutos< / h2 >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 >
História
< img src = "_images/rust-ferris.png" alt = "" style = "width:100px;margin:0" >
< / h2 >
< ul >
< li > Criada em 2006 por Graydon Hoare.< / li >
< li > Patrocinada pela Mozilla em 2009.< / li >
< li > Versão 1.0 em 2015.< / li >
< li > Versão atual: 1.72< / li >
< li class = "fragment" > Edition: 2021< / li >
< / ul >
< aside class = "notes" >
Parte burocrática da apresentação.
PS: Pode ser que, quando você essa apresentação, 1.70
não seja mais a versão atual; a cada 6 semanas, sai uma
nova versão do compilador.
< / aside >
< / section >
< section >
< img class = "stretch" src = "_images/40-years-processor-trend.png" alt = "" >
< / section >
< section >
< img class = "stretch" src = "_images/moores-law-2020.png" >
< / section >
< section >
< p > < a href = "https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-70-percent-of-all-security-bugs-are-memory-safety-issues/" > Microsoft: 70 percent of all security bugs are memory safety issues< / a > < / p >
< p > (2019)< / p >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/rust-fearless-concurrency.png" / >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/rust-blazingly-fast.png" / >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Green Energy Language< / h2 >
< img src = "_images/rust-energy-full.png" alt = "" >
< aside class = "notes" >
Num estudo sobre quais linguagens consomem mais
energia, Rust chegou bem próximo de C.
Parte do trabalho de otimização do Rust vem da LLVM
(parte do pacote do Clang), mas a árvore de
abstração ainda é gerada pela linguagem -- o que
significa que o compilador Rust consegue "ajudar" o
LLVM a otimizar o código.
< / aside >
< / section >
< section >
< p >
"Speaking of languages, it's time to halt starting any new
projects in C/C++ and use Rust for those scenarios
where a non-GC language is required. For the sake of
security and reliability. the industry should declare
those languages as deprecated"
< / p >
< p >
- < a href = "https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-languages-its-time-to-stop-using-c-and-c-for-new-projects-says-microsoft-azure-cto/" > Mark Russinovich, Azure CTO< / a > , 2022
< / p >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/how.gif" / >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Borrow Checker< / h2 >
< h3 class = "fragment" > (and lifetimes)< / h3 >
< h2 class = "fragment" > + Good Syntax< / h2 >
< h2 class = "fragment" > + Helpful Errors< / h2 >
< / section >
< section >
< pre > < code >
fn main() {
let hello = String::from("Hello!");
{
let world = String::from("World!");
println!("{hello} {world}");
}
println!("{hello} {world}");
}
< / code > < / pre >
< / section >
< section >
< pre > < code >
fn i_own_this_now(s: String) {
println!("Hello {s}!")
}
fn main() {
let name = String::from("Julio");
i_own_this_now(name);
println!("Goodbye {name}");
}
< / code > < / pre >
< / section >
< section >
< pre > < code >
fn can_i_borrow_it_for_a_second(s: & str) {
println!("Hello {s}");
}
fn main() {
let name = String::from("Julio");
can_i_borrow_it_for_a_second(&name);
println!("Goodbye {name}");
}
< / code > < / pre >
< / section >
< section >
< pre > < code >
func foo() {
regalo := Gift { .. }
channel < - regalo
regalo.open();
}
< / code > < / pre >
< small class = "fragment" >
(< a href = "https://nikomatsakis.github.io/rust-latam-2019/#29" >
Niko Matsakis, RustLatam 2019
< / a > )
< / small >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/rust-languages.png" class = "stretch" >
< small class = "fragment" >
(< a href = "https://nikomatsakis.github.io/rust-latam-2019/#29" >
Niko Matsakis, RustLatam 2019
< / a > )
< / small >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Good Syntax< / h2 >
< p >
StackOverflow Survey 2023: "Most Admired Language" < span class = "fragment" > (84.6%)< / span >
< / p >
< p class = "fragment" >
... pelo 8< sup > o< / sup > ano seguido.
< / p >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Helpful Errors< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "hljs rust" data-trim >
fn main() {
let a = 2;
a = 3;
println!("{}", a);
}
< / code > < / pre >
< aside class = "notes" >
Primeiro contato com Rust: assim como C, tem uma
função `main`, que pode retornar um inteiro; para
atribuir variáveis, usa-se `let`.
Uma coisa: Rust é "strong and statically typed", o
que sigifnica que a linguagem tem tipos, mas por
padrão o compilador tenta inferir o tipo.
Uma outra forma de escrever o let seria:
```
let a: u8 = 2;
```
< / aside >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Helpful Errors< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "hljs" data-trim >
3 | let a = 2;
| -
| |
| first assignment to `a`
| help: make this binding mutable: `mut a`
4 | a = 3;
| ^^^^^ cannot assign twice to immutable variable
< / code > < / pre >
< aside class = "notes" >
Se você tentar mudar um dado depois de criado, o
compilador Rust não vai deixar.
< / aside >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Helpful Errors< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "hljs" data-trim data-line-numbers = "7" >
3 | let a = 2;
| -
| |
| first assignment to `a`
| help: make this binding mutable: `mut a`
4 | a = 3;
| ^^^^^ cannot assign twice to immutable variable
< / code > < / pre >
< aside class = "notes" >
... mas se tu olhar com calma, tu vai ver que não só o
compilador disse, claramente, o que era o problema...
< / aside >
< / section >
< section data-transition = "fade" >
< h2 > Helpful Errors< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "hljs" data-trim data-line-numbers = "5" >
3 | let a = 2;
| -
| |
| first assignment to `a`
| help: make this binding mutable: `mut a`
4 | a = 3;
| ^^^^^ cannot assign twice to immutable variable
< / code > < / pre >
< aside class = "notes" >
... como também vai dizer como resolver o problema.
< / aside >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/around-world.jpg" class = "stretch" >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Cargo< / h2 >
< ul >
< li class = "fragment" > Dependency manager< / li >
< li class = "fragment" > Build tool< / li >
< li class = "fragment" > Test manager< / li >
< li class = "fragment" > Distributable packages< / li >
< li class = "fragment" > Uploader to the registry (crates.io)< / li >
< / ul >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 > Crates.io< / h2 >
< p > "124,474 Crates in stock"< / p >
< p class = "fragment" >
PyPI: "479,236 projects"
< p class = "fragment" > 20 years vs 8< / p >
< / p >
< / section >
< section >
< p >
< span class = "fragment" > < a href = "https://serde.rs/" > Serde< / a > < / span >
< span class = "fragment" style = "float:right" > < a href = "http://pest.rs/book/" > Pest< / a > < / span >
< span class = "fragment" style = "float:left" > < a href = "https://ratatui-org.github.io/ratatui-book/index.html" > Ratatui< / a > < / span >
< / p >
< h2 > < a href = "https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/" > The Rust Book< / a > < / h2 >
< p >
< span class = "fragment" > < a href = "https://tokio.rs/tokio/tutorial" > Tokio< / a > < / span >
< span class = "fragment" style = "float:left" > < a href = "https://book.async.rs/" > Async-Std< / a > < / span >
< span class = "fragment" style = "float:right" > < a href = "https://actix.rs/docs/" > Actix< / a > < / span >
< / p >
< / section >
< section >
< img src = "_images/one-more-thing.png" class = "stretch" / >
< / section >
< section >
< h2 >
< abbr title = "Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency" > CISA< / abbr > :
< a href = "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/news/urgent-need-memory-safety-software-products" >
The Urgent Need for Memory Safety in Software Products
< / a >
< / h2 >
< small class = "fragment" > Released: September 20, 2023< / small >
< / section >
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