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python is back

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Julio Biason 10 years ago
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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Python</title>
<title>Python</title>
<meta name="author" content="Julio Biason">
<meta name="author" content="Julio Biason">
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<body>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-background='_images/zen-of-python-poster-a3.png'>
<h1 class='semi-opaque'>Python</h1>
<div class="reveal">
<!-- Any section element inside of this container is displayed as a slide -->
<div class="slides">
<section data-background='_images/zen-of-python-poster-a3.png' class='semi-opaque'>
<h1>Python</h1>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>O que é Python?</h2>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li>Linguagem interpretada.</li>
<li>Dinamicamente tipada.</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>O interpretador Python</h2>
</section>
<section>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 25 2014, 10:19:55)
[GCC 4.8.2 20131212 (Red Hat 4.8.2-7)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
&gt;&gt;&gt;
</code></pre></p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Tipos</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Tipos Mutáveis e Tipos Imutáveis</h3>
<p>Em Python, o tipo da variável pode ser mutável ou imutável, mas
a definição é data pelo tipo e não pelo usuário.</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Uma variável do tipo "imutável" não pode ser alterada depois de
criada. Tentar modificar a variável vai criar uma nova instância.</p>
<p>Uma variável do tipo "mutável" é o contrário: tentar alterar vai
alterar o objeto, não criar um novo.</p>
<p>A importância disto será visto mais pra frente, mas tenha isso
em mente.</p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>bool</code>: Tipo booleano.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = True
b = False
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>int</code>: Um inteiro.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = 1
</code></pre></p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
&gt;&gt;&gt; 1 + 1
2
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>float</code>: Um número com ponto flutuante.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = 1.1
b = 1.0
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>str</code>: Strings. É um objeto imutável.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = 'Python'
b = "Python"
c = """Python
Rocks!"""
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>unicode</code>: Strings em Unicode. É um objeto imutável.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = u'Python'
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>list</code>: Listas. É um objeto mutável.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = [1, 2, 'Python', ['Outra lista']]
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>dict</code>: Um dicionário/objeto/mapa. É um objeto mutável.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = {'Python': 'Rocks',
1: 1.0}
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p><code>tuple</code>: Um conjunto de elementos. É um objeto imutável.</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = ('Python', 1)
b = (2,)
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>E ainda (mas menos importantes):</p>
<ul>
<li>None</li>
<li>Long (<code>a = 1L</code>)</li>
<li>Lambdas (<code> a = lambda a: a + 2</code>)</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Estruturas de Controle</h2>
<p><small>(... que é o nome bonito para coisas tipo <code>if</code>, <code>for</code>...)</small></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Antes de mais nada...</p>
<h3 class='fragment'>Blocos</h3>
</section>
<section>
<p>Em Python, uma identação define um bloco.</p>
<p class='fragment'>Não tem <code>{</code> / <code>}</code>, não tem <code>end</code>, nada. Só blocos.</p>
<img class='fragment' src='_images/zuul.jpg'></img>
</section>
<section>
<h3><code>if [condição]</code></h3>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
if a = 1:
b = 2
c = 3
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<h3><code>while [condição]</code></h3>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
a = 1
while True:
a += 1
if a &gt; 10:
break
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<h3><code>for [iterável]</code></h3>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
soma = 0
for valor em [345, 123, 123, 34]:
soma += valor
</code></pre></p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>The fuck "ITERÁVEL"?</h2>
</section>
<section>
<p>Um objeto "iterável" é aquele que pode ter elementos
acessados usando <code>[</code> e <code>]</code>.</p>
<p class='fragment'>(Na verdade, o objeto tem que ter um <i>generator</i>;
para acesar elementos diretamente, o objeto tem que implementar a função
<code>__getitem__</code>.)</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Tipos iteráveis:</p>
<ul>
<li class='fragment'>Listas (<code>a[2]</code>)</li>
<li class='fragment'>Tuplas (<code>a[2]</code>)</li>
<li class='fragment'>Dicionários (<code>a['Python']</code>)</li>
<li class='fragment'>Strings/Unicodes (<code>a[2]</code>)</li>
</u>
</section>
<section>
<p>Strings como iteráveis:</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
for l in 'Python':
print l
</code></pre></p>
</section>
<section>
<p>Dicionários como iteráveis:</p>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
for key in {'Python': 'Rocks', 'Parrot': 'Dead', 'Favorite Color': 'Blue'}:
print key
</code></pre></p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Funções</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3><code>def [nome_da_função]([parâmetro], [parâmetro]):</code></h3>
<p><pre><code data-trim>
def funcao(a, b, c):
return (a + b) / c
</code></pre></p>
</section>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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