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<title>BDD em Python</title>
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<section>
<section data-background="_images/bdd.jpg" data-header>
<h1 class="semi-opaque">
BDD em Python
</h1>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<img src="_images/avatar-20170726.png" alt="Me" style="float:left;width:200px;" class="no-border">
<div>
<ul class="empty">
<li>Júlio Biason</li>
<li>@juliobiason</li>
<li>julio.biason@gmail.com</li>
<li><a href="http://presentations.juliobiason.net">http://presentations.juliobiason.net</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<img src="_images/bdd-robot.png" alt="" style="background-color:black"/>
<img src="_images/bdd-behave.png" alt=""/>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Gherkin</h2>
<p style="text-align:left">
Given <span class="fragment">Definição do ambiente</span> <br/>
When <span class="fragment">O teste</span><br/>
Then <span class="fragment">Validação do teste</span><br/>
</p>
<aside class="notes">
Esse é o formato do "Gherkin", popularizado pelo framework
"Cucumber" de Ruby.
"Given" define o ambiente do teste; "Dado que" (eu tenho isso)...
"When" define o teste em si; "quando" (... eu fizer essa coisa)...
"Then" define a validação; "então" (... isso deve ter acontecido)
</aside>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Código sendo testado</h2>
<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""This is a sample code that simulates a user being created."""
from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import json
from collections import Counter
from unicodedata import category
LOWERCASE_CHARS = "Ll"
UPCASE_CHARS = "Lu"
NUMBERS = "Nd"
class UserCreationError(Exception):
"""Base class for all exceptions in this module."""
pass
class PasswordIsNotStrongEnough(UserCreationError):
"""The password used is not strong enough."""
pass
class UserAlreadyExists(UserCreationError):
"""The user already exists in the database."""
pass
def password_is_strong(password):
"""Check if the password have enough strength."""
number_of = Counter(category(ch) for ch in password)
return (number_of[LOWERCASE_CHARS] >= 1 and
number_of[UPCASE_CHARS] >= 2 and
number_of[NUMBERS] >= 1 and
len(password) >= 12)
def get_users():
"""Retrieve the list of users in the system."""
data = {}
try:
with open('users.json') as origin:
data = json.load(origin)
except IOError:
# File does not exist, so we just assume it's empty
pass
return data
def save_users(user_list):
"""Save the user list back to the 'database'."""
with open('users.json', 'w') as target:
json.dump(user_list, target)
return
def create_user(user, password):
"""'Create' and user."""
if not password_is_strong(password.decode('utf-8')):
raise PasswordIsNotStrongEnough
users = get_users()
if user in users:
raise UserAlreadyExists
users[user] = password
save_users(users)
return
def main():
"""Expose the functions back in command line options."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-u', '--user',
dest='user',
help='Username to be created',
required=True)
parser.add_argument('-p', '--password',
dest='password',
help='Password for the user',
required=True)
args = parser.parse_args()
try:
create_user(args.user, args.password)
except PasswordIsNotStrongEnough:
print("That password is not strong enough")
except UserAlreadyExists:
print("Username already used")
else:
print("User created")
return
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()</code></pre>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<p><code>pip install robotframework</code></p>
<ul>
<li>Componentes começam com <code>***</code></li>
<li>
Contém elementos de:
<ul>
<li>Settings: Configuração do ambiente do Robot</li>
<li>Keywords: Novas expressões</li>
<li>Test Case: Os testes.</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>
*** Settings ***
Library TestingSource.py
*** Test Cases ***
Invalid password
Given that I have a username foo
And that I have a password test123
When I try to create a user
Then I should get an error of invalid password
*** Keywords ***
That I have a username
[Arguments] ${username}
set username ${username}
That I have a password
[Arguments] ${password}
Set password ${password}
I try to create a user
Create user
I should get an error of invalid password
Is invalid password
</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>*** Settings ***
Library TestingSource.py</code></pre>
<p>Configuração: Indica que deve ser carregado uma biblioteca em
Python (a seguir).</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>import mainsource
class TestingSource(object):
def __init__(self):
self.username = None
self.password = None
self.last_exception = None
def set_username(self, username):
self.username = username
def set_password(self, password):
self.password = password
def create_user(self):
try:
mainsource.create_user(self.username, self.password)
except mainsource.UserCreationError as exc:
self.last_exception = exc
def is_invalid_password(self):
return (self.last_exception and
isinstance(self.last_exception,
mainsource.PasswordIsNotStrongEnough))</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>*** Test Cases ***
Invalid password
Given that I have a username foo
And that I have a password test123
When I try to create a user
Then I should get an error of invalid password</code></pre>
<p>
<code>Given</code>, <code>And</code>, <code>When</code> e
<code>Then</code> são palavras reservadas.
</p>
<p>
Parâmetros tem que ser separados com Tabs.
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>*** Keywords ***
That I have a username
[Arguments] ${username}
set username ${username}
That I have a password
[Arguments] ${password}
Set password ${password}
I try to create a user
Create user
I should get an error of invalid password
Is invalid password</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<pre><code>$ robot example.robot
==============================================================================
Example
==============================================================================
Invalid password | PASS |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Example | PASS |
1 critical test, 1 passed, 0 failed
1 test total, 1 passed, 0 failed
==============================================================================
Output: /Users/juliobiason/personal/presentations/_sources/python-bdd/output.xml
Log: /Users/juliobiason/personal/presentations/_sources/python-bdd/log.html
Report: /Users/juliobiason/personal/presentations/_sources/python-bdd/report.html</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Robot Framework</h2>
<p>Vantagens:</p>
<ul>
<li>Libraries</li>
<li>Por causa dos <code>***</code>, testes podem estar
em vários arquivos -- incluindo RST.</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Behave</h2>
<p><code>pip install behave</code></p>
<ul>
<li>Mais simples</li>
<li>Testes ficam em arquivos <code>.feature</code> (tal qual Cucumber)</li>
<li>Informações são passadas por <code>context</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Behave</h2>
<pre><code>Feature: Testing passwords
Scenario: Invalid password
Given that I have a username foo
And that I have a password test123
When I try to create an user
Then I should get an error of invalid password</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Behave</h2>
<pre><code># -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""Behave steps."""
import behave
import mainsource
@behave.given("that I have a username {name}")
def set_username(context, name):
context.username = name
return
@behave.given("that I have a password {password}")
def set_password(context, password):
context.password = password
return
@behave.when("I try to create an user")
def create_user(context):
try:
mainsource.create_user(context.username, context.password)
except mainsource.UserCreationError as exc:
context.last_exception = exc
return
@behave.then("I should get an error of invalid password")
def is_invalid_password(context):
assert hasattr(context, 'last_exception')
assert isinstance(context.last_exception,
mainsource.PasswordIsNotStrongEnough)</code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Behave</h2>
<pre><code>Feature: Testing passwords # features/example.feature:1
Scenario: Invalid password # features/example.feature:3
Given that I have a username foo # features/steps/example_steps.py:9 0.001s
And that I have a password test123 # features/steps/example_steps.py:15 0.000s
When I try to create an user # features/steps/example_steps.py:21 0.001s
Then I should get an error of invalid password # features/steps/example_steps.py:30 0.000s
1 feature passed, 0 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 0 failed, 0 skipped
4 steps passed, 0 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.002s </code></pre>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Behave</h2>
<p>Vantagens:</p>
<ul>
<li>Mais simples</li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section data-background='_images/thats-all-folks.jpg'>
<section>
<h1 class="fragment semi-opaque">Perguntas?</h1>
</section>
</section>
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